Parliament between 1603-1629 Essay Example for Free

Parliament between 1603-1629 Essay The period 1603-1629 is maybe better partitioned into two particular segments 1603-1625 (rule of James I) and 1625-1629 (rule of Charles I) since these two rulers had genuinely various ways to deal with international strategy, which thusly decided how Parliament reacted to them. James I carried a quiet way to deal with international strategy, planning to build up a notoriety for himself as a go between inside Europe. One of his first activities as ruler was to arrange harmony with Spain in the Treaty of London in 1604. This was disliked with Parliament for a few reasons, the fundamental one being that as Protestants numerous individuals from parliament were against harmony with Catholic Spain for strict reasons. In any case, with respects parliament, harmony had the advantage of sparing a lot of cash which would have must be raised by Parliament, and relations among parliament and James remained genuinely steady throughout the following scarcely any years. James next significant activity with respects international strategy was to help a Protestant replacement to the Duke of Cleves-Julich in 1609, even to the degree of submitting a few thousand soldiers to the reason. This activity without a doubt picked up Parliaments support, as did the marriage in 1613 of James girl Elizabeth to the Protestant Frederick V of the Palatinate. All through these early long stretches of James rule, his international strategy didn't appear to detrimentally affect his relations with Parliament in fact, his later activities in this period even served to improve his relations with Parliament. Also, despite the fact that there were a few differences among James and Parliament during this time, they were because of money issues and not international strategy. After this time, in any case, relations among ruler and Parliament started to harsh, and one of the key factors in this breakdown of relations was the international strategy sought after by James from 1614 onwards. From this time, James endeavored to arrange marriage first for his oldest child and afterward, after his passing, for his beneficiary and second child Charles with the Catholic Spanish infanta. This was profoundly disliked with most MPs, as they dreaded the impact a Catholic Queen of England would have on the proceeding with reconstruction of the Protestant church, and wanted an international strategy more unfriendly to Spain than any past approach of James. The circumstance compounded as James previously had the extremely famous Sir Walter Raleigh executed after he conflicted with Spain out traveling to South America, and afterward as he removed himself from the contention among Catholics and Protestants over the Palatinate. As of right now it created the impression that relations among ruler and Parliament were exceptionally awful in reality, since James had been overseeing without Parliament since 1614, in spite of the fact that this was more over contradictions about money than anything to do with strict strategy. Be that as it may, when James at last called Parliament following a seven-year hole, international strategy turned into the principle issue. James called Parliament so as to fund-raise to do battle to recoup the Palatinate, an activity which was broadly upheld. As time advanced, however, with no indication of James really planning for war since he was all the while seeking after exchanges Parliament started to request a maritime war and a conclusion to the marriage dealings with Spain. This rankled James enough to lead him to answer that none [in the House of Commons] will attempt to intrude with anything concerning our administration or profound issues of State, alluding, in the principle, to Parliaments rights (or not) to talk about international strategy. This prompted the Commons creating a Protestation, which guaranteed the privilege of Parliament to free discourse, paying little heed to imperial right. James at that point disintegrated Parliament and captured a few unmistakable MPs. Surely, this break had emerged principally because of James international strategy (in spite of the fact that there still were other contributing elements, specifically account yet in addition other household strategies). In any case, it was not perpetual as James called a last Parliament in 1624, wherein he appeared to acknowledge that he would need to do battle with Spain, particularly since the two his child Charles and his top choice, Buckingham, were currently joining Parliament in requesting war, because of the breakdown of marriage exchanges. Parliament casted a ballot endowments in spite of the fact that they were inadequate for James to wage a land war and left happy with the circumstance, albeit no war was pursued in the rest of James lifetime (he kicked the bucket ten months in the wake of dissolving Parliament). Along these lines, when James kicked the bucket in 1625, it appeared that towards the finish of his rule his international strategies had been answerable for souring relations with Parliament, in spite of the fact that it is significant that the goals of the last Parliament (if not satisfied) had gone some approach to fixing the connection among ruler and Parliament. It additionally appeared as if, with the rising of Charles I, who had straightforwardly upheld war during the most recent long stretches of his dads rule, relations with Parliament would be improved. In any case, in spite of the fact that Charles went to the seat loaded with plans for a war with Spain, Parliament just casted a ballot I 250,000 for an ocean war and were uncertain about different plans made by Charles and Buckingham costing around I 2 million. These plans Mansfeld, the Cadiz campaign and the Isle de Rhe undertaking turned into a progression of disappointments, for the most part because of poor preparing, and prompted the disagreeability of both Charles and Buckingham. By 1626, relations with Parliament were exceptionally terrible, and the principle (in spite of the fact that not just, since e. g. tonnage and poundage caused debates), reason for this was international strategy. The hesitance of Parliament to cast a ballot adequate endowments for war, the assaults in the House of Commons of Buckingham and the frustrate with the war brought about by the bombed undertakings, prompted Charles dissolving Parliament in 1625. At the point when Parliament met again the next year, Charles had hitched the French, Catholic, Princess, Henrietta Maria. In view of Charles requirement for parliamentary sponsorships, he attempted to diminish the MPs doubts about ace Catholic strategies and in this way neglected to complete piece of the marriage arrangement. This in the long run prompted war with France simultaneously as England was at war with Spain, a deplorable strategy which made genuine harm the rulers relationship with Parliament. Charles relations with Parliament just kept on falling apart after this time, in the long run prompting Charles seeking after Personal Rule from 1629, and the purposes behind this decay originated from Charles international strategy, for the most part in view of the cash expected to finance the wars, for which Charles depended on an ever increasing number of frantic measures for instance the constrained advance, which prompted more noteworthy conversation of the rulers monetary and strict approach. There is no uncertainty that international strategy had a significant impact in the souring of relations among ruler and Parliament in the period 1603-1629. Nonetheless, its impact can be believed to have expanded later on in this period after Charles came to control. With James I, international strategy played a section in influencing his relationship with Parliament particularly towards the finish of his rule. Nonetheless, it was his international strategy joined with different issues especially account which prompted a breakdown in relations in 1621. Maybe if international strategy had been the main issue things would not have arrived at such an emergency point. What's more, significantly after the breakdown happened, the way that James called another Parliament in 1624 indicated that it was in no way, shape or form changeless. Conversely, all of Charles issues and conflicts with Parliament seem to have originated from issues encompassing his international strategy and the breakdown in 1629 was unmistakably all the more threatening to the proceeded with presence of Parliament than any with James as ruler.

Proposal for a Business Incubator Project Coursework

Proposition for a Business Incubator Project - Coursework Example The venture is financially reasonable as a business and will frame establishment for the improvement of new organizations and enterprise. Foundation There is a developing inclination among the youngsters for independent work with plans for future extension through experience and aggregated information increased over the timeframe in the business. The underlying costs in setting up the workplace for the business include rental, acquisition of office types of gear and arrangement of office aide, notwithstanding buying vehicle for transport regarding the business. A considerable lot of the fantasies and effectively thought out designs for the organizations don't see the sunlight because of absence of seed capital. The business hatchery venture proposed is relied upon to address these issues viably with little speculation with respect to the business person. Business issues and the idea basic the task The venture plans to tackle the issues in raising seed capital for the organizations by the business people. The organizations at first began by the business people are generally small time appears. The business visionaries need to design their organizations, set up regulatory offices for the organizations and take part in promoting their items or administrations. The most significant part in the underlying phases of the business is to build up office offices or making a ‘address’ for the business. This is significant since the providers or specialist co-ops, the clients and different offices need to contact the individuals in business face to face or send messengers or leave messages. It is additionally required for capacity of materials like drawings, CDs and books associated with the business. Along these lines, a spot with simple access to clients will be valuable in keeping the contacts alive for development in business and for being side by side of the improvements in the business sectors and innovation. Expensive rental, capital speculation require d for establishment of offices and working capital required for keeping up the workplace or work place go about as impediments in new companies in a large portion of the cases. Along these lines, if the issues related with this piece of the business are successfully tended to, the business visionaries are allowed to design their different business and promoting exercises without making a big deal about the issues identified with foundation of an office. Answer for the business issues There are a few employments which require negligible desk work yet broad going in meeting the clients to clarify about the item or administrations. For instance, CRM programming for a little boutique, clubs or optical items stores keeping on top of the progressions occurring in innovative front could make up for lost time in the market in future. Refined programming utilized by the large enterprises will be too exorbitant to even think about installing in independent companies. This product created by a business visionary may tackle different issues associated with the information the board identifying with independent companies. The advancement of programming isn't an issue to a product engineer. In any case, promoting of the product needs broad voyaging, exhibition of the item to the imminent clients’ needs gathering lobby and the business needs an office to go to the calls of the customers and get the dispatches routed to the business. It is additionally critical to take note of that the workplace ought to be furnished with offices for correspondence,

Hartford

Hartford Hartford, city (1990 pop. 139,739), state capital, Hartford co., central Conn., on the west bank of the Connecticut River; settled as Newtown 1635â€"36 on the site of a Dutch trading post (1633; abandoned 1654), inc. 1784. The second largest city in the state, it is a port of entry. Hartford was long world famous as an insurance center. Its insurance business began in 1794, and the area was once home to the headquarters of more than 35 insurance companies. Mergers and downsizing during the late 20th cent., however, greatly lessened the insurance industry's importance. Manufactures include precision instruments, computers, transportation equipment, firearms, and electrical equipment. One of the earliest and strongest colonial centers, Hartford and two other towns formed (1639) the Connecticut Colony, adopting the Fundamental Orders . From 1701 to 1875 it was joint capital with New Haven. It was an important military supply depot during the American Revolution, and in 1814â€"15, it hosted the Hartford Convention . The Hartford Courant, founded in 1764, is one of the country's oldest newspapers. Landmarks include the old statehouse (1796; designed by Charles Bulfinch), where the Hartford Convention met; the site of the Charter Oak ; the capitol (completed 1878; designed by Richard M. Upjohn); and the famous Travelers Insurance tower. Hartford has a noted art museum (the Wadsworth Atheneum), a symphony orchestra, and opera and ballet companies. The Connecticut state library includes the Colt collection of firearms. Other attractions are the Harriet Beecher Stowe House (1871), where Stowe lived from 1873 to 1896, and the Mark Twain House (1873â€"74). Noah Webster, John Fiske, and the elder J. P. Morgan were born in Hartford; the theologian Horace Bushnell, the author Charles Dudley Warner, and the poet Wallace Stevens lived there. The city's many parks include Elizabeth Park, scene of an annual rose festival, and Colt Park. Among Hartford's institutions of higher education are Trinity College, the Univ. of Hartford, Hartford College for Women, and a branch of the Univ. of Connecticut and its schools of law and social work. There is also the American School for the Deaf and the Connecticut Institute for the Blind. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

History of the Thermometer and Lord Kelvin

Lord Kelvin invented the Kelvin Scale in 1848 used on thermometers. The Kelvin Scale measures the ultimate extremes of hot and cold. Kelvin developed the idea of absolute temperature, what is called the Second Law of Thermodynamics, and developed the dynamical theory of heat. In the 19th century, scientists were researching what was the lowest temperature possible. The Kelvin scale uses the same units as the Celcius scale, but it starts at ABSOLUTE ZERO, the temperature at which everything including air freezes solid. Absolute zero is O K, which is - 273 °C degrees Celsius. Lord Kelvin - Biography Sir William Thomson, Baron Kelvin of Largs, Lord Kelvin of Scotland (1824 - 1907) studied at Cambridge University, was a champion rower, and later became a Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Glasgow. Among his other achievements was the 1852 discovery of the Joule-Thomson Effect of gasses and his work on the first transatlantic telegraph cable (for which he was knighted), and his inventing of the mirror galvanometer used in cable signaling, the siphon recorder, the mechanical tide predictor, an improved ships compass. Extracts from: Philosophical Magazine October 1848 Cambridge University Press, 1882 ...The characteristic property of the scale which I now propose is, that all degrees have the same value; that is, that a unit of heat descending from a body A at the temperature T ° of this scale, to a body B at the temperature (T-1) °, would give out the same mechanical effect, whatever be the number T. This may justly be termed an absolute scale since its characteristic is quite independent of the physical properties of any specific substance. To compare this scale with that of the air-thermometer, the values (according to the principle of estimation stated above) of degrees of the air-thermometer must be known. Now an expression, obtained by Carnot from the consideration of his ideal steam-engine, enables us to calculate these values when the latent heat of a given volume and the pressure of saturated vapor at any temperature are experimentally determined. The determination of these elements is the principal object of Regnaults great work, already referred to, but, at present, his researches are not complete. In the first part, which alone has been as yet published, the latent heats of a given weight, and the pressures of saturated vapour at all temperatures between 0 ° and 230 ° (Cent. of the air-thermometer), have been ascertained; but it would be necessary in addition to know the densities of saturated vapour at different temperatures, to enable us to determine the latent heat of a given volume at any temperature. M. Regnault announces his intention of instituting researches for this object; but till the results are made known, we have no way of completing the data necessary for the present problem, except by estimating the density of saturated vapour at any temperature (the corresponding pressure being known by Regnaults researches already published) according to the approximate laws of compressibility and expansion (the laws of Mariotte and Gay-Lussac, or Boyle and Dalton). Within the limits of natural temperature in ordinary climates, the density of saturated vapour is actually found by Regnault (Études Hydromà ©triques in the Annales de Chimie) to verify very closely these laws; and we have reasons to believe from experiments which have been made by Gay-Lussac and others, that as high as the temperature 100 ° there can be no considerable deviation; but our estimate of the density of saturated vapour, founded on these laws, may be very erroneous at such high temperatures at 230 °. Hence a completely satisfactory calculation of the proposed scale cannot be made till after the additional experimental data shall have been obtained; but with the data which we actually possess, we may make an approximate comparison of the new scale with that of the air-thermometer, which at least between 0 ° and 100 ° will be tolerably satisfactory. The labour of performing the necessary calculations for effecting a comparison of the proposed scale with that of the air-thermometer, between the limits of 0 ° and 230 ° of the latter, has been kindly undertaken by Mr. William Steele, lately of Glasgow College, now of St. Peters College, Cambridge. His results in tabulated forms were laid before the Society, with a diagram, in which the comparison between the two scales is represented graphically. In the first table, the amounts of mechanical effect due to the descent of a unit of heat through the successive degrees of the air-thermometer are exhibited. The unit of heat adopted is the quantity necessary to elevate the temperature of a kilogramme of water from 0 ° to 1 ° of the air-thermometer; and the unit of mechanical effect is a metre-kilogramme; that is, a kilogramme raised a metre high. In the second table, the temperatures according to the proposed scale, which correspond to the different degrees of the air-thermometer from 0 ° to 230 °, are exhibited. The arbitrary points which coincide on the two scales are 0 ° and 100 °. If we add together the first hundred numbers given in the first table, we find 135.7 for the amount of work due to a unit of heat descending from a body A at 100 ° to B at 0 °. Now 79 such units of heat would, according to Dr. Black (his result being very slightly corrected by Regnault), melt a kilogramme of ice. Hence if the heat necessary to melt a pound of ice be now taken as unity, and if a metre-pound be taken as the unit of mechanical effect, the amount of work to be obtained by the descent of a unit of heat from 100 ° to 0 ° is 79x135.7, or 10,700 nearly. This is the same as 35,100 foot-pounds, which is a little more than the work of a one-horse-power engine (33,000 foot pounds) in a minute; and consequently, if we had a steam-engine working with perfect economy at one-horse-power, the boiler being at the temperature 100 °, and the condenser kept at 0 ° by a constant supply of ice, rather less than a pound of ice would be melted in a minute.

We Must Stop Racism Essay - 1214 Words

We live in a world that is culturally diverse, with rich culture and heritage. Everyone comes from a different background, with unique history and life experiences. Today we have broken-down a lot of racial barriers that existed in the past, and we have learn become more accepting of each other culture and way of life. Even though our society is growing up and becoming more tolerant of each other, they are still many barriers that needs to be broken. Racism still exists today, it is something that we cannot get rid of easily. Some people express racism in various degrees. Around the world they are many cases of racial acts against another race. Whether it be a murder of a different person rather than your race, or looking down on†¦show more content†¦According to Reuters he did these crimes because â€Å"He wanted to stir up racial tension, racial hatred,† (C. Pitas, 2013). As was mentioned by Reuters, something as simple as not being white caused this young man to m urder an innocent person, and also trying to hurt so many people all out of hatred. This exhibits the ignorance certain people today still has about other race and culture. They are many cases of racism against skin color and other culture, most of this is caused by ignorance of another culture. Another article by the Huffington post and Global voices, shows how strong racism still exists today. Even though this article is not as severe as the on the 25 year old Pavlo, it still shows how strong racism still is today. On September 15th 2013, a new Miss America was crowned. The new Miss America is non-other than Miss New York Nina Davuluri, Nina is of Indian decent. According to Global Voices she made history by â€Å"becoming the first American of Indian descent to win the coveted Miss America title†. Because she has Indian decent, her skin color is brown, because of this many did not know her actual heritage. According to Global Voices, â€Å"she has found herself at the receiving end of a slew ofShow MoreRelatedRacial Issue Of Mckinney, Tx Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pages once again, sparked a heated debate about police brutality and racism in the U.S. Being a current resident in the Dallas area, which includes McKinney, I am very cognizant of the racial atmosphere in McKinney, which is why I was not surprised when that video surfaced. That does not mean that I was not immensely upset by what I saw, but it definitely did not surprise me. What I would like to point out here is the fact that we must view what has happened in this situation as a microcosm of a muchRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1037 Words   |  5 PagesStaples’s â€Å"Black Men and Public Space.† What do these works say about racism, prejudice, and bias? 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Many people presume that racism has existed since people have started to notice differences between themselves and others around them. One may not know the meaning of racism because it means something different to each and every individualRead MoreSay No to Racism1581 Words   |  7 PagesPersuasive Speech On â€Å"Say No To Racism† Good morning to Mr. Mariapan and my beloved audience. Today, I am bold to talk about an issue that has haunts us for so long. Countless legislation, organizations and campaigns are created to combat this issue†¦.but†¦to no avail. The problem has been all over the globe and standing here today, I am on a mission to eradicate this issue once and for all! Ladies and gentlemen, Let us hold hand in hand and â€Å"Say No To Racism† The racism button is the easiest toRead MoreAmeric The Land Of The Free928 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Free America, â€Å"The Land of the Free,† or so I thought. 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Another encounter with this man lead to him telling his son that â€Å"we are not of his kind and he should not play with us†. When we are children a majority of us are taught

The effect of motivation on behavior Free Essays

In everyday conversation, the question â€Å"What motivated you to do that?† is a way of asking, â€Å"What caused your behavior?   Why did you act that way?†Ã‚   To psychologists, a motivation is a need or desire that serves to energize behavior and to direct it toward a goal.   Psychologists consider motivation as a hypothetical concept.   Hence, they infer motivation from behaviors observe. We will write a custom essay sample on The effect of motivation on behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now But in a broader sense, motivation pertains to the purpose for responding.   The term comes from the Latin verb movere, which means, â€Å"to move,† and it is what causes movement (behavior) that concerns this paper.   The idea of movement is reflected in such commonsense ideas about motivation as something that gets us going, keep us moving, and helps us get jobs done.   Conversely, a person is not motivated when s/he cannot seem to get out of bed or off the sofa (Pintrich, 2001). Despite these commonly held ideas, definitions of motivation are numerous and varied, and there is much disagreement over the precise nature of motivation.   Motivation has been conceived of in such varied terms as involving inner forces, enduring traits, behavioral responses tom stimuli, and sets of beliefs and affects (Schunk, D.H. 2003). Although motivation has many facets, psychologists have been especially concerned with those influences that energize and direct responses.   Simply stated, motivation determines how strong a behavior will be and the form it will take.   Moreover, much of what is known about motivational processes comes from research on how people respond to the difficulties, problems, failures, and setbacks encountered as individuals pursue goals over time.  Ã‚   Various theories contend that motivation underlies much human behavior (Weiner, 2005). Psychologists have different theoretical perspectives on motivation.   At present, there are four motivational strategies that are influential on how psychologists have understood  motivation, namely, flow theory, stress and coping theory, and intrinsic and extrinsic theory. Flow theory Csikszentmihalyi (2005) studied individuals who engaged in intrinsically motivating activities and found that their experiences reflected complete involvement with the activities. This involvement, is known as the flow theory, and is defined as â€Å"the holistic sensation that people feel when they act with total involvement† (Csikszentmihalyi, 2005). According to Csikszentmihalyi, the flow is very much related to other human motives and has shown that the dimensions in this two-by-two classification are closed-versus open-system goals and intra- versus interindividual processes.   Closed goals are those that determined by genetics (needs, hunger, thirst, safety, optimal activation) or socialization; open goals develop as a result of experience and cannot be explained by pre-existing factors.   Interindividual processes are social in nature, whereas intraindividual processes refer to the person.   Flow is a personal process and reflects open systemic goals (Csikszentmihalyi Rathunde, 2003). Moreover, individuals experiencing flow are so intensely involved with a task that they may lose awareness of time and space.   They also seek a flow experience for itself rather than for anticipated rewards.   Although flow can be experienced with any activity, it is more likely to occur with activities that allow for free expression and creativity such as games, play, and art.   De Charm’s origin state shares many elements with flow.   In extreme form, individuals forsake a traditional lifestyle and most contingent material rewards to engage in activities that provide flow (de Charms, 1996). There are a number of researches on the flow theory.   These researches have proven that despite being nebulous, the flow theory makes intuitive sense.   Csikszentmihalyi (2002)  describes a research study in which the Experience Sampling Method was employed.   Adults carried beepers that sounded several times a week, at which time subjects rated themselves on two dependent variables:   Affect (comprising items â€Å"happy,† â€Å"cheerful,† â€Å"sociable†) and activation (comprising â€Å"active,† â€Å"alert,† â€Å"strong†). Subjects also judged their situation for challenges present and skills available.   The amount of time individuals judged themselves to be in flow (defined as challenges and skills present and equal to one another) was related positively to affect and activation (Csikszentmihalyi,2002). Mayers (reported in Csikszentmihalyi, 2002) had high school students’ rate school subjects and activities on challenge and skill.   Favorite activities fell into the flow are (challenge= skill): TV and music listening (low on each); friends (moderate); and arts, such as drama or ballet, and sports (high on each).   Skills were judged to exceed challenges in humanities and social sciences, resulting in boredom.   Challenges were rated as exceeding skills in mathematics and the sciences, resulting in anxiety. Other research compared the flow experiences of three groups of adolescents.   One group attended a select public school in Italy, a second group attended a typical suburban high school near Chicago, and a third group comprised talented math students from a top Chicago public school.   Students used the Experience sampling Method.   The Italian teens reported more flow experiences than U.S. teens, especially those talented in math.   Among the U.S. teens, those attending the typical school reported the most amounts of boredom (skills exceed challenges) and anxiety (challenges exceed skills). Interestingly, the talented group scored significantly lower than the other two samples in apathy, defined as skills and challenges in sync but below average (e.g., watching TV, listening to music).   In sum, experiences are comparable for average and above average students across cultures, whereas for talented U.S. teens, flow and apathy are rarer and boredom and anxiety are common (.Csikszentmihalyi, 1995) These researches implied that motivation affects the behavior of people.   The flow theory concluded that there is a state of equilibrium between the amount of challenge in activities and an individual’s capabilities.   People feel bored when their perceived skills exceed their opportunities for using them; they become anxious when they believe that challenges exceed capabilities.   Flow can vary intensity, with the critical variable being the ratio of challenge to skill.   The portrayed relations presumably hold for peak as well as everyday experiences (Csikszentmihalyi, 2003). Intrinsic and Extrinsic theory Deci Ryan believes that intrinsic and extrinsic motivational forces govern behavior.   Extrinsic forces are preprogrammed biologically (e.g., food, sleep) or derive from the reward structure in which the individual is socialized (money, prestige).   Intrinsic forces grow out of the individual’s belief that a given outcome is worth striving for (Deci Ryan, 2001). Deci and his colleagues (Rigby, Deci, Patrick, Ryan, 2002) have recently conceptualized motivation along both intrinsic and extrinsic dimensions.   Intrinsic motivation concerns activities that are autotelic – engaged in for their own sake – which by definition are self-determined.   Extrinsic motivation involves a progression from behaviors that originally were extrinsically motivated but became internalized and now are self-determined.   The first level includes what Deci and his colleagues call external regulation.   In their research, they cited the example that students initially may not want to work on math but do to obtain teacher rewards and avoid punishment. There is very little self-determination in this situation.   At the next level of extrinsic motivation, students may engage in a task (e.g., study for an exam).   Deci and his colleagues call this introjected regulation because the source of motivation is internal (feelings of â€Å"should,† â€Å"ought,† guilt) to the person but not self-determined since these feelings seem to be controlling the person.   The third level is called identified regulation and here individuals engage in the activity because it is personally important to them. The example they cited is that, a student may study hours for a test in order to get good grades to be accepted into college.   This behavior represents the student’s own goal, although the goal has more utility value (Wigfield Eccles, 2002) than intrinsic value such as learning.   The final level of extrinsic is integrated regulation, whereby individuals can integrate various internal and external sources of information into their own self-schema and engage in behavior because of its importance to their sense of self. This final level is still instrumental, rather than autotelic as in intrinsic motivation, but integrated regulation does represent a form of self- determination and autonomy.   As such, both intrinsic motivation and integrated regulation will result in more cognitive engagement and learning than external or introjected regulation (Rigby et al., 2002). Deci and his colleagues` (Rigby et al., 2002) position is thought –provoking, has generated much research, and has important implications for the field.   Many points in the self-determination model are not clearly specified, but researchers increasingly are conducting studies that are adding to the understanding of how this theory explains how behavior changes through motivation. Stress and Coping Theory Richard Lazarus` stress and coping theory was developed from his several research on stress and its effects to humans, and it emphasizes psychological variables, namely, the cognitive processes of perception and thought.   Lazarus   (1976, 1982, 1996) argues that it is neither the process (e.g. stressor) nor the response that best defines motivation.   Rather, it is the individual’s perception and appraisal of the situation that is a significant determinant of whether or not motivation will be experienced.   He cited that an individual may enjoy public speaking, whereas another individual finds it terrifying.   According to Lazarus, events in and of themselves do not produce motivation; it is the individual’s appraisal of the event that creates the motivation (Lazarus, 2001). Lazarus` theory of motivation states that when an individual is confronted with challenge, primary appraisal occurs.   During primary appraisal the individual attempts to determine how the event will affect her or his behavior.   Some events are perceived as positive and beneficial and thus are likely to create a motivation.   However, other events are viewed negatively and thus are perceived as harmful or threatening such as stress.   This appraisal of the event also generates different coping emotions such as fear, anger, or excitement (Lazarus, 1995). The next stage, secondary appraisal, involves determining whether one’s coping capacities are sufficient to meet the demands of a potentially harmful event.   An important part of this stage is a review and analysis of the response alternatives available to the individual.   This secondary appraisal can also lead to the acquisition of new coping responses (Lazarus, 2002). Although the two models of stress and coping theory of motivation are quite different, they are not necessarily antagonistic.   It is easy to see how a biological system to cope with stress would have obvious evolutionary advantages in enhancing survival.   Yet the nature of the human cerebral cortex allows for decisional process in dealing with stress, rather than autonomic biological reactions that are characteristic of lower organisms.   A synthesis of this theory provides for an immediate, probably nonspecific, preparation for dealing with stressors; it is followed by an intelligent appraisal of the situation that may redirect the physiological reactions and institute motivation.  Ã‚   It is because humans have behavioral options, even though they may not always make intelligent decisions in dealing with stressors (Lazarus, 2001). In conclusion, motivation is an important quality that affects all behavior because the different theories presented have proven that it can influence both learning of new behaviors and performance of previously learned behaviors.   Behavior is related in a reciprocal fashion to motivation because how one behaves can be changed through one’s subsequent task motivation. References Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2002).   Emergent motivation and the evolution of the self.   In D.A. Kleiber M.L. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement (Vol. 4, pp. 93-98).   Greenwich, CT: JAI Press. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). Intrinsic rewards and emergent motivation.   In M.R. Lepper D. Greene (Eds.), The hidden costs of reward:   New perspectives on the psychology of  human motivation (pp. 205-206).   Hillsdale, NY:Erlbaum. Csikszentmihalyi, M., Rathunde, K. (2003).   The measurement of flow in everyday life:   Toward a theory of emergent motivation.   In J.E. Jacobs 9Ed.), Nebraska symposium on  Ã‚  motivation 1992 (Vol. 40, pp. 57-97).   Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005).   Toward a psychology of optimal experience.   In L. Wheeler (Ed.), Review of personality and social psychology   (Vol. 3, pp. 13-16).   Beverly Hills,  CA:Sage. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005).   Beyond boredom and anxiety.   San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.  de Charms, R. (1996).   Enhancing motivation.   New York: Irvington.   Deci, E.L. (1995). Intrinsic motivation.   New York: Plenum.  Deci, E.L. (2000). The psychology of self-determination.   Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath.  Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M. (2001).   Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human  behavior.   New York: Plenum. Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M. (2002).   The support of autonomy and the control of behavior.   Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1024-1027. Deci, E.L., Ryan, R.M. (2003). A motivational approach to self: Integration in personality.   In R.A. Dienstbier (Ed.) Nebraska symposium on motivation 1990(Vol. 38, pp.237-238.  Lincoln:University of Nebraska Press. Lazarus, R.S. (1996).   Psychological stress and the coping process.   New York: McGraw-Hill.  Ã‚  Lazarus, R.S. (1995).   Thoughts on the relation between emotion and cognition.   American Psychologist, 37, 109-111. Lazarus, R.S. (2001).   Emotion and adaptation.   Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lazarus, R.S. (2002).   Little hassles can be hazardous to your health. Psychology Today,  pp.82-85. Pintrich, P.R. (2001).   Current issues and new directions in motivational theory and research.   Ã‚  Educational Psychologist, 26,199-201. Rigby et al., (2002).   Beyond the intrinsic –extrinsic dichotomy: Self-determination and  learning.   Motivation and Emotion, 16, 165-167.  Rigby, Deci, Patrick, Ryan, (2002).   Beyond the intrinsic –extrinsic dichotomy: Self- determination and learning.   Motivation and Emotion, 16, 165-167. Schunk, D.H. (2003).   Goal difficulty and attainment information:   Effects on children’s Achievement behavior.   Human Learning, 2, 107-117. Weiner, B. (2005).   Human motivation.   New York: Springer-Verlag. Wigfield, A. Eccles, J. (2002).   Expectancy-value theory of motivation: A developmental perspective.   Educational Psychology Review, 6, 49-52. How to cite The effect of motivation on behavior, Essay examples

Shania Woodard Essays (788 words) - Gymnastics, Attitude Change

Shania Woodard ENGL1133 Comp ll Professor Dixon July 10, 2018 Narrative Essay What I Believe Growing up as child, I would always think about what my future would be consist of. I always imagine being on the big stage with a celebrity performance as I'm in the back dancing my butt off to the fullest and loving every moment of it. Seeing myself representing my own dance studio company as a brand, hoping to reach out celebrity and dancer to come create, explore and make a visual aspect come to life . Now and Days, I am getting older, becoming adult and understanding the outside reality of the world. The dream as a child would always give me hope and courage to keep pushing in what I love to do. When coming to college my freshman year, it had put me in a pause position where I don't have time to dance like I use to in Middle high school. I did not won't to do any activities until I knew for sure I get use to the campus. Plus, I would think that dancing would not get me anywhere in life or pay the bills mostly and since it was too late to try out the Black Foxes dance team . I had too much on my plate , be worrying about what I wanted to do in college/ living on my own and making sure my family okay, even though they can really get under my skin irritated the heck out of me . However, I believe in being patience, have faith, and never give up on doing what you love most especially when it takes time. I consider dancing to me as something I never realize upon the age of 13 or 14. I remember every time I would go to one of my family get together event, we would pull out the DJ music, dance, laugh, play card game, and more to keep the party going. My aunt would get in the middle of the floor and start dancing, making all type of move that was funny looking but fun at the same time. She would try to get me pump up and dance with her. Eventually I thought dancing would be silly just getting up there making a fool of yourself. Instead I would make people try to do the trending move and learn a few steps from one of my own family members. Ever since, I would dance all over the place, in the room, bathroom, kitchen, outside etc. I decide to try out for the dance team during my middle and high school years. When I first thought about dance, I really thought it was nothing but just moving to the beat of music and make yourself look good. After dancing in my middle and high school, I had become the Captain of Madison Marlin dance squad and work hard at one of my dance camp in high school. It caught my attention that how much I really love and had taking really interest in on the art of dancing and it methods. I end up changing my major before I took a whole year off during my actual junior year and came back this year to finish where I started. Now, I'm a senior who classified as a Junior while working on getting my senior credit and hoping to graduate with a bachelor's degree in business management by 2019. I'm using this degree field to upscale my skill of knowledge in the business ind ustry and use the methods to put it all in my d ream dance studio . I love how you can empress the motion and feeling toward to certain moves through a certain beat, and just let it out as a way from being stress or over whelming. I literally sit here and practice my body movement and to make sure certain body part to go which way but also enjoy having fun doing it. Dance is a mysterious that people can really find in certain way. Most of it I believe is like another type of art that we created and oppose to it symbolic message in

Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essays

Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essays Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essay Lemon Lovin’ Life Essay Essay Introduction The company. Lemon Lovin’ Life. is a lemonade base that is in the drink concern. Bing that it is a popular drink and the low cost of get downing a lemonade concern. there is competition doing it rather competitory in the market. This study outlines the company’s branding scheme. designation of possible new locations. promotional programs. and employee preparation chances. Branding Scheme To make a stigmatization scheme for Lemon Lovin’ Life it will besides consists of the selling mix. viz. . merchandise. topographic point. and publicity. Lemon Lovin’ Life has a sensible size and will be priced competitively. It will be known for its healthy. natural. delightful. and well-known gustatory sensation. A focal point of the drink is to acquire it to be appreciated non merely during the summer months. but instead. the whole twelvemonth unit of ammunition. Foregrounding its wellness benefits with addition consumer’s involvement into the merchandise. If this investing is success. Lemon Lovin’ Life could spread out by adding a turn to the lemonade drinks. For case. a lemonade drink can hold a combination of lemon and strawberry. lemon and Ananas comosus but ever concentrating on lemon as the chief spirit. Ideally the lemonade base will be placed in forepart of the owner’s house possibly near a tree for shadiness. Attracting more consumers. being that they won’t have to stand under the blaze Sun. For selling intents. circulars and postings will be distributed in assorted strategic topographic points in the vicinity along with naming friends and household. Making a page on Facebook. a Twitter history. and Instagram. among others. will besides to a great extent use societal media sites. Opportunities for New Locations Lemon Lovin’ Life’s end is to make as many clients as possible in order to turn to the altering lifestyle picks that chiefly purpose to hold healthy life. The new locations must see that the mark market has entree to the lemonade whenever they’d like. This scheme will already tap a figure of clients runing from kids. female parents purchasing for their households. wellness fans. and immature people who can already do their ain purchases ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 346 ) . Promotion Plans Normally local occupants back up new concern ventures and Lemon Lovin’ Life has $ 10. 000 to pass for advertisement. Sing the merchandise subject assorted selling vehicles will be utilized to pass on the message. image. and presence of the concern. Bovee A ; Thill ( 2013 ) asserted that there are different ways to advance merchandises. including the usage of print media ( magazines. local newspapers and pupil publications ) ( p. 382 ) . broadcast media ( local Television shows. wireless plans ) . hotel ushers ( Chamber of Commerce newssheets. booklets. circulars ) . direct mail ( subscriber lists. inserts in newspapers. office mail bringing ) ( p. 374 ) . societal media ( Facebook. Twitter. Instagram ) ( p. 382 ) . and others ( attending in charity events. sponsorships. imperativeness conferences ) ( p. 382 ) . Employee Training In hope that the company shall turn. it will be necessary to engage more people in order to assist run the lemonade base. It is besides of import for the company to put in developing the staff to go on to offer quality lemonade. To make this. the company should ever look into whether employees are engaged. satisfied. committed. and rooted ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 220 ) . Supplying employees with occupation security through a strong wage is the first measure. Second. supply employees with wellness insurance and retirement programs that can be extended to their households. Finally. the company must guarantee that employees have a clear calling way. particularly for those who have leading qualities to let them to hold the feeling that what they are making is â€Å"worthwhile and fulfilling in itself† ( Bovee A ; Thill. 2013. p. 223 ) . When these demands are met. employees are will really see the occupation in a different mode. Their attitude toward working there will be a p ositive 1. Decision Get downing a company is non merely about holding the money and engaging employees. There are other facets that should be considered. including the viability of the merchandise. the mark market. demographical considerations. the location. and marketing the merchandise. Mentions Bovee. C. L. . A ; Thill. J. V. ( 2013 ) . Business in action. ( 6th erectile dysfunction ) . Upper Saddle River. New jersey: Pearson.

How to Write an ACT Essay Step-by-Step Example

How to Write an ACT Essay Step SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Sometimes writing- especially writing for standardized tests- can feel like something you "get" or "don't get." That's primarily because it's very difficult to explain and teach writing in a mechanical way, especially when you're up against time limits. In this article, we've broken how to write the ACT essay into eight steps that work for every essay, every time. Then, we show you exactly how to do it with an actual ACT essay example. Many students ask us how to write an ACT essay, and while the answer is simple enough to explain in eight steps (as we do below), it's not necessarily simple to do. As with any skill, the key to learning how to write an ACT essay is to study a good model (which we are going to cover in this article) and then practice, practice, practice. Tackling ACT Writing, Step by Step The ACT essay plan below has been modified from our ACT Essay Tips article to fit the new ACT Writing Test. The template includes three sections: planning, writing and revising. If you practice using this template to write ACT essays, you'll get much faster and (probably) more precise. Here's the sample prompt we'll be responding to: Intelligent Machines Many of the goods and services we depend on daily are now supplied by intelligent, automated machines rather than human beings. Robots build cars and other goods on assembly lines, where once there were human workers. Many of our phone conversations are now conducted not with people but with sophisticated technologies. We can now buy goods at a variety of stores without the help of a human cashier. Automation is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what is lost when we replace humans with machines? Given the accelerating variety and prevalence of intelligent machines, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of their presence in our lives. Perspective One: What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. Perspective Two: Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Perspective Three: Intelligent machines challenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are or can be. This is good because it pushes both humans and machines toward new, unimagined possibilities. Write a unified, coherent essay about the increasing presence of intelligent machines. Stage 1: Planning Time: 8-10 minutes It may feel like you won't have time to plan your essay before you write, but really, it's something you can't omit. Trust us. Organizing your thoughts as you write will cost you way more time than if you take the time to plan out your essay before you begin writing. Step 1: Read the Prompt and the Perspectives Provided, Then (Tentatively) Choose a Position Because addressing the relationship between your perspective and at least one of the other three perspectives is an integral part of the essay task, you need to make sure you understand what each prompt is saying. The good news is that each perspective includes both a general assertion about intelligent machines as well as an opinion that places the topic in a broader context, saving you some work in coming up with your own, independent perspective. While it is possible to come up with a fourth point of view on the topic, I don't recommend it. The added time you'll have to spend coming up with your own point of view could be better spend developing your comparison of your perspective to at least one of the other perspectives. If your perspective is a "blending" of multiple perspectives, that's also fine, as long as you make sure you compare your blended perspective to each of the perspectives it combines; otherwise, you won't fulfill the "analyze the relationship between your perspective and at least one other perspective" part of the task. Bottom line: choose the perspective you think you can support the best. For this sample ACT essay, I'm going to tentatively choose to argue Perspective Three (that intelligent machines challenge long-standing ideas about humanity, which in turn pushes humans and machines toward new, previously unimaginable possibilities), simply because that happens to be the position I think I'll be able to support the best. Step 2: Quickly Brainstorm Evidence and Explanations to Support Each Perspective Because the ACT essay involves discussing the relationship between your perspective and at least one of the other perspectives given, not just the one you agree with, you'll have to use multiple pieces of evidence in your essay. During this step, if you find that you're able to find more convincing evidence to support a different perspective than the one you've chosen, you can always switch- after all, you're still planning. Also, you don't have to write in complete sentences, or phrase things as elegantly as you will in the actual essay, so don't worry about that. Here are some potential places you can look to for evidence and examples: Opening Paragraph of the Prompt If you haven't already, read through the paragraph at the beginning of the essay prompt. You can appropriate some or all of the examples in it to use in your own essay. Personal Experience You can tell any story (real or not) about you or someone else you know (or make up) that supports any one of your points. Statistics Again, these can be real or made up. You could invent a research study that looked at recordings of phone calls and found 80% of people end up cursing while using automated phone menus (to support perspective one), make up statistics that show automated cashiers are able to process three times as many check-outs as human cashiers (to support perspective 2), or come up with any other kind of statistics that support one of the perspectives. Specifics from Sources Use knowledge of events from history or current events to support your points. If you're not certain of the details, it's all right- the essay graders won't deduct points for factually inaccurate information. For this essay, you could use the invention of the printing press (and its effects) as an example of how mechanization can lead to "unimagined possibilities." Here's the evidence I came up with for my essay: Perspective One: What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. Evidence: Many of our phone conversations are conducted not with people, but with sophisticated technologies...that don't necessarily work at 100% Explanation: People get so frustrated with the technology that when they press "0" to speak with a real human they are often rude and discourteous Perspective Two: Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Evidence: Robots build cars on assembly lines Explanation: Lower cost, decreases risk of injury to human workers Perspective Three: Intelligent machines challenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are or can be. This is good because it pushes both humans and machines toward new, unimagined possibilities. Evidence: Brain-computer interfaces that allow people to control computers with their brains are a thing Explanation: Allow people to overcome physical limitations, inspire us to continue researching and expanding knowledge Step 3: Brainstorm Your Counterarguments to, or Analyses of, the Other Perspectives There's no one right way to respond to the perspectives the ACT gives you. Some of it depends on what point of view you take. For instance, if I agreed with Perspective One, which takes a negative view of the effects of intelligent machines, I might want to discuss both of the other two perspectives (which both take positive views of intelligent machines) in one paragraph, and then disagree with them in the next paragraph as I present my support for Perspective One. Since I'm arguing for Perspective Three (machines challenge our ideas about what humans are or can be, which pushes us and machines toward new possibilities), I'm going to argue against Perspective One and Perspective Two separately, because I have strong evidence for my analyses of each perspective. Because the essay only requires you to analyze the relationship between your perspective and at least one other perspective, if I had lots of evidence to use in my comparison of my perspective and Perspective One, but nothing to say about Perspective Two, I could also decide not to discuss that perspective at all. In this case, I was able to think of solid arguments for and against both of the other perspectives, so I chose to analyze both of them and their relationship to my perspective below. Again, these are not necessarily worded in their final form. Perspective One: What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. Evidence: Many of our phone conversations are conducted not with people, but with sophisticated technologies...that don't necessarily work at 100% Explanation: People get so frustrated with the technology that when they press "0" to speak with a real human they are often rude and discourteous Counterargument/analysis: The benefits outweighthe costs, because providing people with the option to submit prescriptions or ask about store hours through an automated menu frees up customer service reps to answer real questions. In addition, recordings of calls with angry customers are used to improve the menus. Perspective Two: Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Evidence: Robots build cars on assembly lines Explanation: Robots take over dangerous jobs which decreases risk of injury to human workers, lowering cost to employers Counterargument/analysis: This perspective is true, but is limited in its consideration of the implications. Robots can not only do things instead of humans, but can actually work with humans, as in precise surgery, to a better result than either humans or machines alone. Step 4: Organize Your Essay Now that you have the main points of your essay, it's time to organize them in a way that makes sense. Make sure to include your introduction (with your thesis statement containing your point of view, or at least a rough sense of your thesis statement) and conclusion in this organization. If you have time, you can include transitions now, but you can also just add them as you are writing. Introduction The increasing prevalence of machines challenges us, etc, will put this in fancy words when I write the essay for real Body Paragraph 1 Perspective One argues that replacing humans with machine leads us to lose part of our own humanity, because even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. I have witnessed this in my own life through watching my mother interact with some of those "sophisticated" automated phone systems. She sometimes gets so frustrated with the technology refusing to do what she wants that, by the time the menu allows her to speak to a real human, my mother is no longer courteous or respectful. Despite this frustration, I think the benefits outweighthe costs, because providing people with the option to submit prescriptions or ask about store hours through an automated menu frees up customer service reps to answer real questions. In addition, recordings of calls with angry customers are used to improve the menus. Body Paragraph 2 In contrast to Perspective One, Perspective Two argues that the main utility of machines is in their ability to perform repetitive tasks more preciselyand efficiently than humans. In auto plants around the world, robots build cars on assembly lines, performing their jobs with high precision and at lower overall cost to employers, who can make a one time purchase rather than having to pay a human a yearly salary (and worry about liability issues) This perspective is fine as far as it goes, but is limited in its consideration of the implications. Robots can not only do things instead of humans, but can actually work with humans, as in precise surgery, to a better result than either humans or machines alone. Body Paragraph 3 The true impact of intelligent machines in our lives is that they challenge us to re-think our preconceived notions of what people can do or become in the future. An example of this is brain-computer interfaces that allow people to control computers with their brains. With BCIs, people can overcome physical limitations.. In addition, BCIs have capture the interest of people from all different backgrounds and are being applied to non-scientific fields to create new, previously unimagined inventions and ways to interact with the world. Conclusion In conclusion, rather than taking away from our humanity, intelligent machines help us to move forward as a species to new heights. By the end of this step, you should try to have about 30 minutes left so you have enough time to write. If you don't, just keep in mind that you might have to skimp on some of your explanations/counterarguments for the perspective(s) you compare to your own. Stage 2: Writing Time: 25-28 minutes Once you've structured your argument, it's time to write it all down! Step 5: Introduction Paragraph Thesis Write your introduction. If you can think of an interesting first sentence that brings your thesis into a larger discussion, start with that. (If writing the introduction stumps you, just leave 10-15 lines blank at the beginning of the paper and come back to it.) From the simplest system of pulleys and ropes in ancient Greece to the most complex supercomputer in the world today, machines have had (and continue to have) a profound influence on the development of humanity. Make sure you clearly state your thesis. For a 3+ (out of 6) essay, this should include your perspective on the issue and how it relates to at least one of the other perspectives presented in the prompt. While some argue that machines have a negative impact on us, the increasing prevalence of intelligent machines in the world challenges us to change long held beliefs about our limitations and to continue forward to new and even more advanced possibilities. Step 6: Body Paragraphs When you start your first body paragraph, try to think of a first sentence that refers back to the first paragraph. Ideally, you'll start every paragraph by referring back to your thesis to create a unified argument. One common argument against the increased presence of machines in our day-to-day lives (seen in Perspective One) is that machines leach away at our basic humanity. Next, address the argument opposing yours (in this case, Perspective One). Explain the evidence that supports this perspective in three to five sentences. I found this to be true in my own life as a result of witnessing many a phone conversation between my mother and an automated telephone menu. For whatever reason, she consistently has issues with the menus that try to verify her date of birth. The automated system never understands what she says (possibly because of her accent), and asks her to input the numbers via her keypad; of course, my mom's smartphone is so smart that the screen turns off while she is on a call, making it impossible for her to follow the automated phone system's instructions. By the time the system gives up and routes her to speak to a "human representative," my mother is often so frustrated that she is far from courteous and respectful to that person. Then, make sure to explain your counterargument to this perspective, tying it back to your thesis. Despite my mother's understandable frustration with automated phone systems, however, overall the benefits outweigh the costs. Providing people with the option to submit prescriptions or ask about store hours through an automated menu frees up customer service representatives to answer questions machines are incapable of addressing. In addition, the recordings of angry phone calls (where customers are not courteous, respectful, or tolerant of other humans) are used to improve the phone menus to make them more user-friendly. Thus, the momentary disrespect toward other humans caused by machines is more than compensated for by the positive effects of those same machines. Body Paragraph 2 If you're only comparing your perspective against one of the others, then this paragraph should contain further analysis of the relationship between the two perspectives. If you're comparing your perspective against both of the other perspectives (as I did in this essay), then this is where you introduce your thoughts on the second perspective. Another school of thought, exemplified by Perspective Two, argues that the main utility of machines is their ability to perform repetitive tasks more preciselyand more efficiently than humans, which leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Address the argument of this second perspective (in this case, Perspective Two). Explain the evidence that supports this perspective in three to five sentences. In auto plants around the world, robots build cars on assembly lines. Instead of having to pay a human employee a yearly salary, invest time in training that employee, and worry about liability should that employee be injured, manufacturing plants can now make a one-time purchase of an intelligent machine that will perform that same job at higher levels of precision. This leads to a more prosperous world for the manufacturers, as they are able to invest less money to get a better product. Then, make sure to explain how this perspective relates back to your perspective. This perspective is fine as far as it goes, but is limited in its consideration of the implications. Robots can not only work in place of humans, but can also work cooperatively with humans to a greater results than either could have hoped for alone. This can be seen in highly complex and delicate surgeries, where a surgeon controls robotic microtools to perform operations that even ten years ago would have been unimaginable and impossible. Body Paragraph 3 Introduce your main perspective, linking it back to the counterarguments you've made against at least one of the other perspectives. I agree with Perspective Three that the true impact of intelligent machines in our lives is that they challenge us to re-think our preconceived notions of what people can do or become in the future. Present one final example in support of your perspective. A final example of this is brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs. Humans are able to manipulate computers with their brains via electrodes that are either implanted in their brains or attached (temporarily) to their heads. With these intelligent machines, formerly paralyzed people who had no hope of communicating with others are able to transcend their physical limitations by concentrating to form words out of keyboards on the computer screens. In addition, BCIs have captured the interest of people from all different backgrounds and are being applied to non-scientific fields like music to create new, previously unimagined instruments that react to people's thoughts, adding a new dimension to an ancient art form. Truly, intelligent machines are providing the impetus not just for greater efficiency, but for greater accomplishments. Step 7: Conclusion Check your time. Try to have 5-6 minutes left at this point. Come up with a quick sentence that restates your thesis to wrap up the essay. In conclusion, rather than taking away from our humanity, intelligent machines actually help us to move forward as a species to achieve new, previously unimagined possibilities. Stage 3: Revising Time: 2-4 minutes You've written out a full ACT essay now, which is great! The final step is to see if you can fix any errors or improve anything else about the essay. Step 8: Reread Revise Let's look at our complete ACT essay example: [1] From the simplest system of pulleys and ropes in ancient Greece to the most complex supercomputer in the world today, machines have had (and continue to have) a profound influence on the development of humanity. While some argue that machines have a negative impact on us, the increasing prevalence of intelligent machines in the world challenge us to change long held beliefs about our limitations and to continue forward to new and even more advanced possibilities. [2] One common argument against the increased presence of machines in our day-to-day lives (seen in Perspective One) is that machines leach away at our basic humanity. I found this to be true in my own life as a result of witnessing many a phone conversation between my mother and an automated telephone menu. For whatever reason, she consistently has issues with the menus that try to verify her date of birth. The automated system never understands what she says (possibly because of her accent), and asks her to input the numbers via her keypad; of course, my mom's smartphone is so smart that the screen turns off while she is on a call, making it impossible for her to follow the automated phone system's instructions. By the time the system gives up and routes her to speak to a "human representative," my mother is often so frustrated that she is far from courteous and respectful to that person. Despite my mother's understandable frustration with automated phone systems, however, overall the benefits outweigh the costs. Providing people with the option to submit prescriptions or ask about store hours through an automated menu frees up customer service representatives to answer questions machines are incapable of addressing. In addition, the recordings of angry phone calls (where customers are not courteous, respectful, or tolerant of other humans) are used to improve the phone menus to make them more user-friendly. Thus, the momentary disrespect toward other humans caused by machines is more than compensated for by the positive effects of those same machines. [3] Another school of thought, exemplified by Perspective Two, argues that the main utility of machines is their ability to perform repetitive tasks more preciselyand more efficiently than humans, which leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. In auto plants around the world, robots build cars on assembly lines. Instead of having to pay a human employee a yearly salary, invest time in training that employee, and worry about liability should that employee be injured, manufacturing plants can now make a one-time purchase of an intelligent machine that will perform that same job at higher levels of precision. This leads to a more prosperous world for the manufacturers, as they are able to invest less money to get a better product. This perspective is fine as far as it goes, but is limited in its consideration of the implications. Robots can not only work in place of humans, but can also work cooperatively with humans to a greater results than either could have hope d for alone. This can be seen in highly complex and delicate surgeries, where a surgeon controls robotic microtools to perform operations that even ten years ago would have been unimaginable and impossible. [4] I agree with Perspective Three that the true impact of intelligent machines in our lives is that they challenge us to re-think our preconceived notions of what people can do or become in the future. A final example of this is brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs. Humans are able to manipulate computers with their brains via electrodes that are either implanted in their brains or attached (temporarily) to their heads. With these intelligent machines, formerly paralyzed people who had no hope of communicating with others are able to transcend their physical limitations by concentrating to form words out of keyboards on the computer screens. In addition, BCIs have captured the interest of people from all different backgrounds and are being applied to non-scientific fields like music to create new, previously unimagined instruments that react to people's thoughts, adding a new dimension to an ancient art form. Truly, intelligent machines are providing the impetus not just for greater e fficiency, but for greater accomplishments. [5] In conclusion, rather than taking away from our humanity, intelligent machines actually help us to move forward as a species to achieve new, previously unimagined possibilities. In these last 2-4 minutes, you want to read over your essay and trying to pick up a point or two by revising. In this time, you can do a number of things. You can, of course, correct mistakes: Paragraph 1, Sentence 2: [subject/verb agreement; change is bolded] The increasing prevalence of intelligent machines in the world challenges us to change long held beliefs about our limitations and to continue forward to new and even more advanced possibilities. You can replace dull or problematic words or phrasing with fancier words or clearer turns of phrase: Paragraph 2, last sentence Thus, the momentary disrespect toward other humans caused by machines is more than compensated for by the positive effects of those same machines. We can change it to: Thus, any momentary disrespect my mom might show to a customer service representative (as a result of frustration with the automated system) is more than compensated for by the positive effects of those same machines. There you go! Now you know how to write a good ACT essay. If any part of this was confusing, re-read that section. Then try to write a full essay yourself using a sample ACT essay prompt. Next Steps for Writing Your Own ACT Essay Practice planning your essays in eight to ten minutes before you start writing. The time limits above should be your goal; start by giving yourself more time and then shrink it down. You can use the list from our ACT essay prompts blog post or any list of ACT-like questions and start with the planning stage. Don't forget to check out our full analysis of the ACT Writing Rubric, with strategies and explanations that can guide you in your essay planning! Our blog post about ACT essay tips has more in-depth information about the details of planning and arguing in the ACT essay. If you've already taken the ACT and are wondering how to get your essay up to a perfect 12 score, definitely be sure to check out our article on getting a 12 on the ACT Writing section. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Leading and Managing in Organisations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Leading and Managing in Organisations - Essay Example Moreover, they also point out that interpersonal relationships are formed and reinforced on the basis of trust, openness and support. Communication is regarded as effective when the intended information is delivered in the right manner to the right person/people and in the right time. This process involves various elements such as the people involved in communication, i.e., communicator and the recipient, context/situation, method, and skills. More often, these elements vary with the situation/context. Skills required for communication include speaking, listening, writing, reading, and expressing (Adair, 2011). Effective communication ensures that information being shared is accurate, which is a very important requirement in building strong interpersonal relationship. ... scribes interpersonal communication as everyday encounters, and that interpersonal communication has a significant role in creating, maintaining and/or affecting personal, social and professional relationships. Since communication is the medium of expressing oneself and to know others besides transferring information, its impact penetrates or intersects all activities concerned with human behaviour. Keeping in mind such a significant impact of communication, Whetten and Cameron’s (2011) assertion of supportive communication with honesty and accuracy stands true and also seems important in difficult situations. The need for supportive communication is felt greater when the information to be delivered might not be in favour of the recipients but the intention of communication would be to improve the relationship, status, and/or situation; this process of communication would require specific approach and skills in order to achieve the purpose of communication. Examples of situati ons that necessitate supportive communication include providing negative feedback, handle conflicting views and resistance, problem-solving etc. The ultimate goal of supportive communication is to reinforce interpersonal relationship among two or more people by building trust and understanding while solving the issue/challenge through approaches that would not offend any person involved in the communication process. 2. There are eight principles to supportive communication. Four of the eight principles are: Congruence not Incongruence, Descriptive not Evaluative, Problem not Person Oriented and Specific not Global. Explain the meaning of the concepts and using ideas from your own experience give examples of their meaning. Whetten and Cameron (2011, p.265) have identified eight attributes of

Intersection of energy and international transport management Thesis

Intersection of energy and international transport management - Thesis Example Countries around the world have realized the fact that they are interdependent on one another, and their survival is dependent upon sharing of resources or in simple words exchanging the resources. As no country on this planet earth is self sufficient in all regards. It requires help and assistance of other countries in order to achieve development and to provide ameliorating ambiance for the masses. Considering this concept globalization came into existence, which has resulted in changing the shape of the world. with the advancement in different fields of life for instance technology, transportations, industries, health and care etc., and through sharing of cognition, experiences using computers and internet have revolutionized this world. As a result countries around the world on the daily basis share resources through import and export. Conventionally orthodox approach was put into practice i.e. they only traded basic necessities of life, however this approach was later changed (w ith the passage of time) with the modernization and globalization of the world. At present countries around the world are importing and exporting varieties of different products, no matter its cars, railway engines, airplanes, electronic gadgets, arms and ammunition, medical and healthcare equipments, agriculture and livestock, clothing, construction materials or it may be even the sources of energy like petrol, solar panel cells, bio gas, uranium, nuclear energy etc. Albeit there are varieties of products that countries export or import, however key focus is given in this research paper on the trade of energy sources with reference to international transport management. Abundance in Energy is the integral, prime and key most requirements for any country in order to entertain the purpose of development. As there is no concept of a developed country if that particular country does not have enough resources in terms of catering its energy needs. However countries in order to cope up w ith this problem import energy sources (different types of energy products like oil, bio gas etc.) from other countries and store these different energies in their reservoirs so that these energy products can be succinctly used in the future. As energy plays significant role in terms of contributing towards the economy of the country, with it, energy is the basic driving force for the innovation in technology or it is the basic requirement for technological advancements. Moreover since technological advancement has been carried out all over the world these days, therefore massive resources of energy should be available for them as the advancement in technology is dependent upon the availability of energy. Consequence this has not only resulted in increasing the use of energy but it has also resulted in creating more demand of energy as well. As energy is utilized in carrying out industrial and home work or if it is said that energy is the basic ingredient for the survival of the cou ntry or masses, that this statement would not be wrong. In terms of consumption of energy by different people or countries around the world, energy consumption or the demand of energy varies across the globe. If generalizing the situation one can classify easily that the countries that are developed or first world countries they consume more energy as compared with the third world or under developing countries. Moreover according to Yergin (2011) another classification can be made in terms of climatic conditions.

Community Resettlement Following Residential Care

Community Resettlement Following Residential Care Promporn Dokphutsa Task 1 Explanation of Te Tiriti O Waitangi and its application in the social services Te Triti O Waitangi was signed on 6th February 1840 at Waitangi. It significant to maintain the benefits of Maori people who living in New Zealand. It is concluded 4 important principles which are partnership, protection, participation and permission. These 4 principles are the basic necessary needs for Maori in term of living and culture. Therefore, while Maori people get engage into any social services, it is responsible for social workers to be aware and make sure that Maori clients have been treated with appropriate services. Firstly, partnership refers to working together for agreed outcomes. A a social service organisations must ensure providing policies that the needs of Maori are taken into description when cooperating with Maori client and their family/ whanau. By building trust and rapport with Maori clients and their family/ whanau is the first thing to consider introducing yourself and getting to know more detail of clients by making friendship. As well as involve clients in every processes of care plan such as let them sign the contract to ensure health safety support and fully inform need to be used. Secondly, protection focuses on client’s privacy and safety. The social workers may following the Code of Rights and Code of Conducts to maintain client’s confidentiality while attending social service. As well as respect the right of Maori to enjoy their taonga in social service settings. To be able to make important decisions those are in their best interests. Thirdly, participation is focused on service accessibility for Maori to make sure that their needs are met by asking or allowing them to participate in their care plan until discharge from residential care. Also family/ whanau engagement at all levels of service is another way to practice participation principle. Lastly, permission is important for social workers to be considered while engaging to social service. Maori clients must be free to speak Te Reo Maori and participate in any Maori spiritual or culture practices. To sum up, 4 principles of Te Tiriti O Waitangi are using to maintain and promote Maori’s physical and mental well-being and safety. Therefore, social workers have to provide as much as possible resources for Maori clients to make sure they needs are met and bi-cultural perspective by following Te Tiriti. Task 2 Manage the intake process of a person discharged from residential care. Context setting Residential support to Adult(18-65yrs) with an intellectual disability Individual Group Summary of reason residential care was required SH Adult (23) A Maori lady is being discharged from a residential care after she has completed to 6 months stay. SH had diagnosed with Perthes Syndrome (Childhood disease of hip joint) since she was born. But when she is growing up she started showing challenging behaviour included physical and verbal aggression such as throwing, hitting, kicking, spitting, swearing and pinching. Therefore, her family/ whanau suggested transferring her to stay in the residential care facility to develop social skills and to be independent in her environment. Contribution to managing intake process Date Notes/ key of information provided to the person 01/03/14 Receiving and collecting information of SH. Receiving and recording referrals for a meeting. Contacted SH family/ whanau and other key people and gave them access to the information for the meeting. 02/03/14 Service co-ordinator, house leader, CSW, Mother, GP, caregiver and healthcare professional have a meeting regarding to the improvement of SH. 03/03/14 All parties were agreeable that SH is ready to go back to the community. Summary of information provided to the person regarding the role, function, services and legal responsibilities of the social worker and social service provider. The intake process helps to identify and assess a client’s current situation, issues and needs as well as to determine the most appropriate and effective means of helping the client. Social workers and social service provider have to concern about client’s safety and wellbeing first before making any decisions during the process of discharged. Therefore, gathering data (qualitative e.g. interview/ quantitative e.g. number) to get personal information of client is necessary. It could come from the client, family’ whanau, friends, health care professional or other keys people who relevant to the care plan. Also physical and mental wellness of client is important to make sure the client is ready to go back to the community independently. Intake and Assessment is a reverential, organized process of gathering personal information of either clients or clients’ caregivers in order to facilitate service providers as well as clients to make informed decisions about the provision of the programme and/ or services. Social service organisation should make sure that they have progress their own timeline for intake and assessment that suits their programmes which lead in safe environment and suitable for the client/client’s caregiver. Notes/ key points of how you completed intake procedures according to the discharge plan, legislation, ethical practice and in accordance with your workplace standards/ requirements. Roles and responsibilities As a social worker will need to create suitable and focused on working together with clients, taking into account individual differences and the cultural and social context of the clients situation such as understands the concepts of culture, class, race, ethnicity, spirituality, sex, age and disability. Allow client to participate in the processes by motivates and encourages participation. Assists clients to gain their self-determination over their own environments. Provides choices for the client, gives accurate information by which the client can best decide. In working with clients, the social worker uses her/his personal characteristics appropriately. May attends supervision to develop best practice. Written policy and procedure Admission criteria. Intake and Assessment procedures. Documents to be completed and retained. Procedures to follow when a client cannot be assisted /referring on. Information to be provided to clients. Legislation relevant to the organisation. Others notes/ reflections on the intake process. Client’s safety and wellbeing must be the first consideration of the social service provider before completed intake procedures according to the discharge plan. Task 3 Contributions to assisting the person to manage the transition from residence to the community Date Notes/ key points of any meeting or other communication details of actions related to assisting the person. 05/03/14 SH’s family/ whanau was consulted about the discharge from residential care facility. 06/03/14 Discuss with SH about her interests and goals. 08/03/14 Support SH in term of decision-making in her interests and being independence. How did the assistance you provided encourage self-determination and discourage dependency on the social service worker or social service provider? Respect the right of clients to self-determination and assist clients in their efforts to identify and clarify their goals. As well as giving an opportunity for clients to request and ask for their interests or needs, but always have to be considered about safety and wellbeing of client and people around. Social workers should use clear and fully inform clients of the purpose of the services, risks, limits to services, relevant costs, reasonable alternatives, clients’ right to refuse or withdraw consent, and the time frame covered by the agreement. Then, social service worker or social service provider has to be responsible to follow and review of client’s self-improvement after discharge from the residential care. What people did liaise with in the community and how did this assist parties to the plan to contribute to the person’s resettlement? Disability service agency is responsible to provide resources that suitable to the clients by following client’s needs and requests. Also assisting connects the client with plans and resources in order to help them cope. However, relevant factors may include client’s abilities, her resources, her needs, client’s goals, and identify what is important to the client, also any risk factors. What resources did you manage, and what arrangements needed to be made for the transition from residence to community? -Safety is the most important and first consideration for the social service provider to be aware and ensure client’s physical and mental is safe. -As a social service provider has to be aware of â€Å"client’s cultural needs† to practice as a Maori. As well as promoting spiritual practice to maintain client’s customs and beliefs. Additional, cultural assistance should be provided to avoid of cultural conflicts. -Disability needs of client is another factor to be considered. To ensure client is living in safety and friendly environment with her disability. And maintain physical comfort in her daily routine. -Health needs for client may assist by regular visited of health care professionals and assist her with medication needs. -Language and communication should be clear and understandable to client and her family/ whanau. Additional, interpreter may provide if needed. Other notes/ reflections on the transition to community As a social service provider makes sure the client is living in safe environment and surrounding with positive people and activities. Therefore, it may help client to improve her social skills and being independence in community. Task 4 Assist the person to resettle in the community following residential care Date Notes/ key points of any meetings or other communication details of actions related to the person 09/03/14 Provide choices and opportunities for SH in term of her interests. 10/03/14 Allow SH to make her decisions by ensure respectful and confidentiality. 11/03/14 Fully inform to SH family/ whanau regarding to her decisions. Then discuss how to provide service and make her needs to be met. How did you encourage self-determination and discourage dependency on the social service worker or social service provider? Encouraging self-determination: -Outlined agency’s objectives and appropriate legislations, backing up agency orders/kaupapa. Provided information and fully informed SH of the limitations and possibility of the meeting, and allowed her to define the best options and which issues I could help her with. Discouraging dependency on social services: -Allow SH to express her possible solutions and choose her own best options. -Where possible the agency would step away, so that SH could step up. -Allowed SH to figure out so called â€Å"emergencies†. How did you assist the person to identify requirements for life in the community, i.e. set aims and objectives? Organised first meeting to provide intake assessment and referral accepted. Then second meeting had set up to interview with SH to discuss her particular needs at this point in time. Ensure effective communication is being used and document her needs and prioritise what need to be done first into an action plan. Lastly, arrange the key persons who would be responsible to action each of the itemised needs. How did you assist the person to evaluate their participation in the community against their aims and objectives? Identify progress against plan and review. Then asked scaling questions as to where SH felt she was in agreement to her hopes and her interests. How did you assist the person to establish a community lifestyle that focused on both their safety and the safety of others? -We established community supports before her transition such as 24/7 emergencies call if need any help. -Educate basic skills to her family/whanau how to deal with her aggressive behaviour while she is living in the community. -We discussed goals that will motivate her to gain her social skills and make more friends. What progress against the discharge plan was achieved? Her mental health status was unstable, according to the Epilepsy. Therefore, her seizures are managed by medications and need to be observed by health care professionals at all time if possible. What further options (if any) were identified? It is important to note that staffs have to be familiar and consistent with client when giving her social services to avoid of challenging behaviour and accident that may happen. Other notes/ reflections on the re-setting of the person Avoid confrontations with client and do not say â€Å"NO† to her. Do not say â€Å"Don’t do that† try to say â€Å"First you do†¦ (Something she may not like to do), Then you can do†¦ (Something she like to do)†. Task 5 Application of social service theory Maori Model of Practice -Maori model of practice within utilised social work practise research and validated to provide best practise. -Maori models of practise have holistic approach -Wellness of whakapapa focus opposed to individual focus. For example -Te whare Tapa Wha (four cornerstones of Maori health) including: i.)Taha tinana (physical health): healthy eating, sleep, physical activities, safety awareness and proper hygine. ii.)Taha wairua (spiritual health): beliefs, culture religion. iii.)Taha hinengaro (mental health): positive thinking, positive behaviour and healthy lifestyle. iv.)Taha whanau (family health): emotional support, financial and responsibilities. Social work knowledge, skills and values (Te Kaiawhina Ahumahi 2000) was a useful resource for the social workers to be used as a guideline to work in appropriate way and proper practice while giving services to the clients. Social policy theory involves the study of the social relations necessary to promote human wellbeing and things that affect the kinds of life. It can be love and safety, a job and money. References: http://www.polity.co.uk/shortintroductions/samples/dean-sample.pdf http://workplacewellbeing.org.nz/mana-mahi-resource/workplace-wellbeing-guide-6-working-with-te-tiriti-o-waitangi/ http://www.hdc.org.nz/education/presentations/the-health-and-disability-commissioner-act-and-the-code-of-rights-and-methadone-treatment